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Electromyography
Homemade EMG for bionic arm simulation

Adhesive electrodes located at the center of the muscle, end of the muscle, and a reference (bony joint) transmit the signal from muscle contraction through an EMG to activate rotation of a servo motor.
EMG Construction:

When the user contracts their bicep, the neuromuscular signaling is amplified and modified through an EMG. The EMG output signal is an analog input for the Arduino, and when this input exceeds a given threshold, the servo motor rotates 90°.

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